--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/ h! {: @) V: n3 qDay Air attack on TF at 64,56; s1 K! @ {/ [1 z* Y+ l
/ G. ? u! s1 R* A) EJapanese aircraft
2 E' v" q" U- {1 QG4M2 Betty x 126 e+ C m3 a* R: D* B
0 N n: i9 J" B' A+ JJapanese aircraft losses
( `0 x: O4 }3 I" lG4M2 Betty: 9 damaged
+ ^6 l9 p1 X9 F6 s& O" I4 m
0 n+ k1 o9 ^3 W# dAllied Ships
0 | c3 ^/ t& [) v5 G f8 T9 o" D, cTK Pueblo, Torpedo hits 1, on fire! ]& @7 E2 I4 F" a2 o# B
TK District of Columbia, Torpedo hits 2, on fire, heavy damage
1 r+ _7 w+ P3 s3 m& H+ c: t& q9 ITK Andrew Doria3 S) g( L* u4 K
Two follow up raids by the Taiho:* Z, z% s( f. z2 C3 O
; [2 y! C" E4 Q# R! C& x% T+ cDay Air attack on TF at 54,56
9 w( h d) c! u8 w2 c X- U0 J5 v- j' k
Japanese aircraft* n; w, ]" o/ B9 T# J7 ~0 J0 o
D4Y Judy x 223 P0 o, v- D" a. n( A. S
" H; O) @+ X' ]Japanese aircraft losses0 h$ B4 O! b* ~8 G: }8 ?0 J
D4Y Judy: 1 destroyed, 8 damaged( {! L+ c% ^5 a! Q9 W
1 |" u3 ?3 {6 C$ z
Allied Ships" q4 b- O y" \) K, R8 L
DD John D. Edwards
! Q9 r4 o, L$ G6 n1 S# RDD Tillman
3 b t; I2 o) k0 Z [# |DD Welles, @6 B6 c) b4 H3 S$ k/ K: ^8 M9 r
AK Harvard Victory, Bomb hits 1# g2 W/ K i1 i
DE Leslie L. B. Knox/ x. a i8 O: {# C% w
DD Craven
# W0 B+ r4 P( c- o3 ?; K; R--------------------------------------------------------------------------------' U4 O M) J! ~- [" \. T
Day Air attack on TF at 53,56* |1 `( T4 H1 C! ]4 A
% U, m! P) B- yJapanese aircraft5 S$ L+ U% V$ B- g8 m
A7M2 Reppu x 6/ {1 L, ?8 C1 ^& t
D4Y Judy x 2
h: Q% H& x6 L4 j& Z5 l" T: s
; h( D+ y) N# z1 T' s. GJapanese aircraft losses1 T9 t' [9 ^6 w4 ~
D4Y Judy: 1 damaged$ I- y# k+ j- N# V4 I
& {$ D7 y7 @& ] Z
Allied Ships
( c l) V$ g& Z) U, z* JAK E. W. Sinclair, Bomb hits 1, on fire6 f8 o3 ~' d [9 p: U1 j0 r
- u$ }9 ^: [6 t5 q/ \& k: qAllied ground losses:3 b: H) h( K) r
7 casualties reported
5 ~% z% w) @4 G+ |" WVehicles lost 12 }- t6 d, k* t" t
3 r# m8 ?0 R7 R' _$ Z1 E
Aircraft Attacking:
3 m" E8 |* c2 r7 y- A; J; B3 o2 x D4Y Judy bombing at 2000 feet
; n3 H! X. {! Y# n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
8 w7 c6 q, ^' L& u( a
W* U4 s* F: I* B- q9 M2 C0 i' sCeylon and Bengal Sea
: n* f. W2 {5 B) ~) A7 o) S
2 Y% w) f) R& `$ x8 v" P2 e3 G6 ]. `% dDay Air attack on Trimcomalee , at 15,25
8 }5 q# t: i! X9 q5 j
3 ~/ P& G/ v, }Japanese aircraft2 [. g8 W$ _2 B. s
A7M2 Reppu x 6, v& |" P' S2 A! e
J2M Jack x 5
$ J6 y/ [, O' C) @' GJ7W Shinden x 70 }. a/ L5 F. _
Ki-84-Ic Frank x 6
. Y: R- h! a6 ^# i H- [! W5 k( h, \) _+ r7 _
Allied aircraft, u: t0 n7 X+ Z. b1 M, y
B-29 Superfortress x 31
- k7 e+ L! I" j+ N) O$ q8 A c% J" x+ [8 I4 v: P
Japanese aircraft losses
: A# k: i2 V4 sA7M2 Reppu: 2 damaged
- e7 W i) b. d/ Z) x; ZJ2M Jack: 1 destroyed, 3 damaged- S- { s: \5 j5 |5 R8 b
J7W Shinden: 1 damaged" K0 f. W" }0 t5 K
Ki-84-Ic Frank: 1 destroyed. F0 H( m3 A+ f8 h0 x* ^
P1Y Frances: 1 destroyed
9 u( `+ ~% _. |0 G: ~7 f. F5 m% m( S6 ?9 d1 x
Allied aircraft losses
- @5 D. D4 M0 W' B7 a& ?- F. KB-29 Superfortress: 7 destroyed, 8 damaged0 A# s$ B7 l$ \& O5 l6 ~
3 ?" F3 W7 l0 K& D- v7 Y6 O2 R
Airbase hits 1
+ q" K0 {1 b4 ^; d" A MRunway hits 8- `. z3 Q$ t7 }, q Q% j% J
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- D! R" L4 Q6 P0 B; ?3 \
Day Air attack on TF, near Trimcomalee at 15,254 v3 t* Y1 n; J/ |0 {" B
7 f+ S! |4 D6 q4 I9 |9 H" e
Japanese aircraft
- I1 J+ C v3 _B7A Grace x 3
# h4 }* s! h+ W5 \1 FG4M2 Betty x 6
( t" U# h3 K- S' w; _Ki-43-IIa Oscar x 18+ z' r+ H4 ]/ @9 B0 X" m
Ki-100 Tony x 97 [: c# t7 N" G/ o D
Ki-49 Helen x 2$ U4 [6 c& @! T f* C* Q
Ki-67 Peggy x 3! D: f: t* |" ?* U2 {" e
. Y( o6 J$ Z3 I( ?( V
Allied aircraft/ n) a; d/ }5 `: n' W. R
P-51D Mustang x 50 z1 u7 m$ s9 P( ?# ]! W& m
, D- B) x8 b v4 ~' e3 v3 N7 i) \Japanese aircraft losses
5 F% m, z; h5 n2 hB7A Grace: 1 destroyed Q2 C. u; s8 B9 _! g
G4M2 Betty: 1 destroyed, 2 damaged" w' v9 j H* p* O+ b0 C
Ki-43-IIa Oscar: 8 destroyed2 z1 P4 [2 k- ~) f+ W
Ki-100 Tony: 4 destroyed
3 Q% C3 e2 {# ]% e3 S+ K5 L: K% ~Ki-49 Helen: 1 destroyed
: d0 @, R5 f0 {& ]0 AKi-67 Peggy: 3 destroyed
, Y) a* h4 _2 Y8 ?. r$ {' [* ~4 {! L3 I) l) \/ G
Allied aircraft losses
3 h* C' H" M! @; [P-51D Mustang: 1 destroyed, 2 damaged+ F3 ^; [7 \' u# C7 Y
1 C% |9 |) t/ ?+ T
Allied Ships
( m) T6 y" r! @9 G. }' @7 j1 nMSW Grebe/ z: U& {/ s! {
AK Morton M. McCarver, Torpedo hits 1% c8 O/ J" ~! o% I2 a$ _4 f
AK Diomed, Torpedo hits 2, on fire, heavy damage* Z3 z' n! I0 R7 c7 l
Y# M( ?' O: ]
Allied ground losses:1 ]5 e* d2 s6 ? ~& a- Q) M
21 casualties reported8 R2 Q$ Q0 d; k I9 |+ `
Day Air attack on TF, near Trimcomalee at 15,25" ^! M) A# U: c, F& T+ W
1 ?: `! I1 y5 s3 C
Japanese aircraft, Z" }. B; n2 T3 t& H7 `
B7A Grace x 3
2 \* M) `( v, Q. KG4M2 Betty x 6
, Y* f+ q2 ?$ J& K7 u; QKi-43-IIa Oscar x 18( G& u( `1 o5 C' J5 {
Ki-100 Tony x 9
/ h* y) V2 g. R9 ?& L5 z. ~Ki-49 Helen x 2/ ]3 @! C2 @5 J/ S+ s4 s
Ki-67 Peggy x 3/ n) A9 \. |1 J; ^8 L0 ]1 B) r8 c
% V6 Y' {7 J4 H, Q, m$ s- Y# xAllied aircraft
" m) y3 @9 y \9 B) Z. Y7 }2 LP-51D Mustang x 5
4 `# L5 f2 {+ O% v8 r
/ e @; K7 I2 `" [5 V/ ^. VJapanese aircraft losses
* r. C' L+ A2 M# r8 P/ P- hB7A Grace: 1 destroyed
b" i, v6 J; n. [0 N9 qG4M2 Betty: 1 destroyed, 2 damaged
5 C6 Y4 d! ]% g4 {+ z4 @: FKi-43-IIa Oscar: 8 destroyed
+ M I! w5 c( l, fKi-100 Tony: 4 destroyed
0 c- T/ X0 K3 T: v. B' g/ v; PKi-49 Helen: 1 destroyed
: e0 o8 e. |; QKi-67 Peggy: 3 destroyed |9 z' |, z4 w" a6 G0 o
/ S3 c/ c! v: p( O, z+ T
Allied aircraft losses
2 H3 [! l& W; h3 kP-51D Mustang: 1 destroyed, 2 damaged2 k8 \8 ]. u1 o7 z2 M
! J! \$ j, v; V" b8 I
Allied Ships
8 }' Q! l; v1 V; F- zMSW Grebe, Y9 y* e5 T" }+ w' h
AK Morton M. McCarver, Torpedo hits 12 t o! Z7 ~. p9 g" `2 ]3 n; S0 |
AK Diomed, Torpedo hits 2, on fire, heavy damage
: Q$ v) Q! p* c+ a% |, O( ^9 m$ c
Allied ground losses:
9 d9 K7 t6 T8 o+ ~0 |21 casualties reported3 d8 b3 S9 K9 ?: u* H, P
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------; [2 y. b; i- |" w
Day Air attack on TF, near Trimcomalee at 15,25
# H }' }4 p8 I& T, L# \3 Z* m4 O% v: C8 t
Japanese aircraft- B7 h" w6 e( h* q# C
B7A Grace x 35 d$ }5 e. e) a4 Y& x
G4M2 Betty x 6
m& H: K; a/ }( @, B$ L- P5 w5 yKi-43-IIa Oscar x 18* D; L* C/ I( K3 |- A
Ki-100 Tony x 9! P- p5 P( }8 f* Z2 ?! K$ {
Ki-49 Helen x 2
l5 W0 l' Q! @* M" dKi-67 Peggy x 3$ y/ ~- Q/ n8 j. B N2 P
, a% v1 T) J3 v' _Allied aircraft
& C( L/ \1 ]4 o. ^6 lP-51D Mustang x 5! S1 }4 N2 J( ?
8 `# J f. o1 y6 n1 YJapanese aircraft losses0 k3 ?) F& u6 t% x \3 |- e: Q
B7A Grace: 1 destroyed
5 j, c$ d& y9 N" Q) S# gG4M2 Betty: 1 destroyed, 2 damaged
* e' y2 {) j6 nKi-43-IIa Oscar: 8 destroyed
9 M, M' N, p, Y1 s1 M- R+ t3 l. LKi-100 Tony: 4 destroyed; A+ t" }) ?* G3 w2 Z+ q# `
Ki-49 Helen: 1 destroyed7 ] d2 Y2 |( s% V
Ki-67 Peggy: 3 destroyed
& G* n; k( u8 ]6 h- V% H2 Z9 H- z9 R* @3 N
Allied aircraft losses! d J! H% X- W2 k! t% K' A
P-51D Mustang: 1 destroyed, 2 damaged
' ]9 x/ W& i: {) n$ M. ?! A9 E+ Q0 _* C0 u/ B7 N8 e' l
Allied Ships
) _; R1 L' g) _ @: d6 t$ kMSW Grebe/ `1 _! G ~9 f/ K: F9 U' W
AK Morton M. McCarver, Torpedo hits 1
# w/ g1 {/ _# j- B2 vAK Diomed, Torpedo hits 2, on fire, heavy damage( n; k5 T; X* G
0 l( [/ t% M; _% o+ OAllied ground losses:
7 h5 l9 D! p1 }21 casualties reported
" V# B/ }" F6 u% n1 u/ q' d4 mThe retreating Yorktown takes an another tube and is clearly in trouble with no CAP overhead!
+ M: [& m; I1 f# g, l
& }2 i8 |6 S9 L5 q0 y9 KDay Air attack on TF at 18,30
, U3 t3 M8 w! p! g4 n
1 Q g0 b0 E7 l/ UJapanese aircraft
" u. V) e6 {# sP1Y Frances x 3
# Y C! t, Y4 i7 {7 e) E! K4 y+ V' X) w5 K6 @. ^
Japanese aircraft losses( j) n+ }% c7 r/ b) `- o3 V2 e* a# j
P1Y Frances: 3 damaged
. H( x% `2 m( A/ X
# h, N" Z9 z9 x7 A9 x" f& P7 Y# rAllied Ships1 ~, `) |6 r9 K- d4 o
CV Yorktown, Torpedo hits 1, on fire
3 S: ~/ k, u, q* @$ Q$ T9 A- h2 X$ K9 |, O/ P" M: ]) ]
Aircraft Attacking:) R( p4 \7 n3 [+ h5 B
3 x P1Y Frances launching torpedoes at 200 feet
% r/ e* T/ t& t1 ?/ \' j T--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4 a! W) U/ C/ d! @ @* W$ iDay Air attack on TF, near Trimcomalee at 15,25
+ @# I: \' n9 k& \
! s# ?1 Y/ Y5 k; V* i$ r2 vJapanese aircraft
2 M( ~" i" p! l# |' JA7M2 Reppu x 5
2 v6 j9 E7 a2 q5 B: A) U' l2 PJ2M Jack x 6
& y% U: \7 q- k/ ^8 l8 Q4 }4 Y: v- ID4Y Judy x 3" ?% K1 K) `4 ?1 s5 m, ]) c
B7A Grace x 6; I) p1 P% E! {5 a3 C
G4M2 Betty x 3
8 ~/ L& Y% e* L1 h! IP1Y Frances x 6
# o( n& [' B! KKi-67 Peggy x 11
- n5 x+ y6 M; e$ W- q: ]; m, Q1 H6 r& u' ~/ D; }6 Y+ c7 \
Allied aircraft
! o7 B9 q) a& I2 Z7 h% Y6 M$ O6 c, TP-51D Mustang x 4
) h, l6 v+ U- z8 C/ \' |& u& N/ r. a Y) G) {8 m; I8 B* y& d- G
Japanese aircraft losses
4 s3 i3 s9 E4 r$ j9 yA7M2 Reppu: 5 destroyed
1 ^ k- O* m/ }) W. aJ2M Jack: 2 destroyed9 B% F+ p: O" F% N. d1 \
B7A Grace: 1 destroyed" m/ X6 V' {. l( f/ E, H
P1Y Frances: 1 destroyed
* @3 {4 J1 y8 ]- b! RKi-67 Peggy: 1 destroyed
4 J# U' c3 G4 N$ K+ p7 ]9 l. C3 z/ Q, f; Y6 `. g
Allied aircraft losses
& n5 ~# h5 f7 e# h+ D' H; [; j s2 CP-51D Mustang: 4 damaged
3 u& R& B- t- A# V; x+ G& C6 h
Allied Ships
9 h/ K4 ?% o9 S' f0 }; J: DDE Lovelace" ~, r" D. B( Z0 M, F$ d
DE Martin
; w! N8 s% S' p1 W: D1 cLCI LCI-436
+ h5 i& M+ Q8 r) J1 O. q2 RAPD Blessman# O- \+ k" Q1 k; N# @! o
APD Ruchamkin, Torpedo hits 1, on fire, heavy damage+ N$ @* B' Y3 @% }6 l% F$ G
AP Laurens: N4 C% \. j' m$ }! [; w. Z
DD Mullany& d+ \" G8 R- T- D. ^4 _+ d
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 T( P, n: b% f& y0 O
Day Air attack on TF, near Trimcomalee at 15,25% M' `9 y3 n# j+ J m' j
/ k3 S2 [1 j( T( r2 W3 KJapanese aircraft: N" u8 R# a: ~( _6 N
G4M2 Betty x 91 P1 {% i N. H! q
7 u2 y: p# j3 T) i, Q
Allied aircraft
8 |8 L+ j% X% K8 oP-51D Mustang x 2
! t4 w( f: _0 C1 a
, L7 O9 D" Q5 A) ~) X( B8 @Japanese aircraft losses
2 t$ j# f0 S3 V6 d. ?9 CG4M2 Betty: 5 damaged
9 c" o/ Y! `$ F+ r: n
3 Y% H1 b& V# O* _$ \# W" _Allied Ships
& N3 S" v: |) ~0 q; o5 Z8 s2 w @AP Henrico/ I5 }1 n9 j% L4 R# P$ R- f2 {
APD Noa, Torpedo hits 1, on fire, heavy damage/ k( C ^4 F9 y! Z. d3 S7 \
LCI LCI-223, Torpedo hits 1, on fire, heavy damage- {8 _6 y3 K! F% {
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- d) z1 b- x3 e2 h3 dDay Air attack on Trimcomalee , at 15,25
1 y3 K6 k5 V5 v8 q9 P* Y
0 @% _% s- F/ BJapanese aircraft
[4 K [. ]. A( N4 w; G( tA7M2 Reppu x 5" N8 ]" h/ H* p V5 Y. f5 O
J2M Jack x 2& x& X5 o9 \2 P( j; n6 J. P- v" \
J7W Shinden x 6
! L5 p4 m* {; ~% y7 |& t3 MKi-84-Ic Frank x 4
! d8 {* i5 S( }( s" ^
& Q: U4 v6 a- `4 aAllied aircraft
T# P5 T# h9 G j0 Y/ tP-38J Lightning x 16
4 z7 C8 Z3 e/ C4 U7 ]" q- L" w% R; S$ Z; ?3 n1 w' d3 @8 P. t
Japanese aircraft losses( R9 B N3 E& @7 I5 u6 y
A7M2 Reppu: 3 destroyed) K( }" P8 s& O$ ]$ o6 ]% s" b
9 k. q2 a' k: Y+ N8 IAllied aircraft losses
/ v h8 T+ e3 [ t! gP-38J Lightning: 3 destroyed, 3 damaged
- u; i! W1 @$ z2 t--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( e, x, l. x0 ~' c- kDay Air attack on TF at 14,23
/ T+ e6 H6 Z* _3 Y4 X- ~' ]5 H7 t
Japanese aircraft
4 V# X# j9 l& lJ2M Jack x 2
q3 L/ e3 x) k, F; `G4M2 Betty x 21 D9 f% Q0 d$ y- x
P1Y Frances x 2& n. `! x7 y2 _4 s: p
Ki-67 Peggy x 40 Y) @' U0 H" f: J' _) G$ p* w# v
. i J% e6 k! o8 Q# K/ C! v- yJapanese aircraft losses* H9 q9 h0 u. \( |( @3 ^2 x
Ki-67 Peggy: 3 damaged
3 h+ } H. o* T% g0 B* g- U# l2 I7 c8 y" G- @9 I9 J1 Y) R1 g
Allied Ships( K2 |4 {9 s2 @: y3 ^. f) O1 c
AK Empire Johnson, Bomb hits 2, on fire
- w: {, a3 c2 j5 W( q) IMSW Bittern, Torpedo hits 1, on fire, heavy damage3 |2 Q( Q6 u" X8 s; Y/ B
DM Gamble, heavy damage
, h& c; o6 ?- N; g--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0 L1 a4 g8 `+ k" ?The crack Ann dive bomber units are having a field day!
2 q( s) o8 g# K6 s. Y* t1 ?) p8 L# _
Day Air attack on TF at 14,23
3 e/ o, p3 D4 L. Y7 c5 A! A$ `; K' [8 V0 X: H5 V$ H u; m
Japanese aircraft. ?# O# s( u, E4 W2 q3 G+ p; d+ j0 t
D4Y Judy x 24! W7 q x' V) ?" m' I2 [
Ki-43-IIa Oscar x 70 z6 D2 r0 h$ Y: R
Ki-100 Tony x 6
! H1 k. E& \( Z; ~Ki-30 Ann x 517 x& ~9 x) q0 V% U0 R
S: k8 R; o, c& U2 ]$ T! EJapanese aircraft losses" B, v, o" o+ w- L" d: s2 |
D4Y Judy: 1 destroyed3 N f- M1 a$ m5 N
Ki-30 Ann: 3 damaged" N2 n# v3 N( V
) o/ ^+ M+ P& x" p9 x* {, X" X& H% r
Allied Ships
$ y2 v1 R. e2 vAR Hector, Bomb hits 3, on fire; o3 F1 E+ N* h" C" `: P0 U
AK Red Jacket, Bomb hits 3, on fire, heavy damage
6 o9 k+ {! q3 \DD Irwin
7 M, X1 [- i }. C: _DE Seid, Bomb hits 5, on fire, heavy damage
5 q; F- D1 M# k: G7 S4 ~: ?DD Quiberon, heavy damage# W0 t, O% ~2 ?& Y
DD Hugh W. Hadley, Bomb hits 1, on fire
! P$ s! r3 J+ u% aDE Mitchell, Bomb hits 4, on fire, heavy damage3 K5 j: z! y, Y! z' `8 S
DM Gamble, Bomb hits 3, on fire, heavy damage: C2 Z+ ^0 k- M$ C1 [) a# ^
AK Admiral Senn, Bomb hits 2, on fire, heavy damage3 X' P0 x2 [8 w& K5 P+ k: J
DE Stadtfeld, Bomb hits 2, on fire
4 E D# i; `0 O$ n% F+ s( `DM Ramsay, Bomb hits 1, on fire, heavy damage
( d& \* ~" L1 O% {$ H; i1 ODE Rall, Bomb hits 1, on fire
) H9 R5 g" j' M--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
( x4 ]8 V* l7 j- ` D' @' t" hDay Air attack on TF, near Trimcomalee at 15,25( y; V0 e9 w, D+ d5 r8 n! W
/ P3 `7 w! y6 |8 |, z+ L* ^1 N, fJapanese aircraft1 a5 P# U. e8 k5 S" N" g/ g/ i! U* t/ V; U
D4Y Judy x 121 Q; H" o1 E7 z! j) N, v
G4M2 Betty x 36 j8 m! f* |' ?
[# o, S0 Z* \, c1 R, s* J
Allied aircraft
. o9 J p: q7 m( s2 A1 LP-51D Mustang x 2+ L% M! w5 d" B) U& L
, A& Z3 A# n. C( j* ~# mJapanese aircraft losses" T% P+ N' \' f+ w* Q* v+ x
D4Y Judy: 1 destroyed
+ z, E l* N1 g0 b0 p+ c3 J2 i' a
3 e, I3 d9 q# s& dAllied Ships0 v/ k: Z4 A4 x$ ?7 ?+ b/ z
LCI(G) LCI(G)-79- h! V9 d! v: l
DD Renshaw, Torpedo hits 2, on fire, heavy damage5 H( `: |' T1 E% \
AP Callaway, Bomb hits 1, heavy damage
1 H/ s7 v9 t c5 F+ l, r& T; i% WAPD Lee Fox, Bomb hits 1, on fire7 @! W/ U$ }+ s# H7 U. H0 X
APD Newman, Bomb hits 1, on fire
( y5 x; y# ]- B# O5 x9 P" E% X) L--------------------------------------------------------------------------------) C0 i H3 X% j2 C7 P" Q
Day Air attack on TF at 12,28
" v9 u" q9 ~; a- e5 K3 M
) z4 o+ P5 p3 HJapanese aircraft* a6 h. }+ q; P Q( }
G4M2 Betty x 4
. z" M$ q+ k( g; J$ A3 \
}, J1 i, P& u% XJapanese aircraft losses
6 O0 h) h" ^: {G4M2 Betty: 3 damaged. i! z5 Y! Z- l7 v) P
1 T- `/ z2 n" w6 u% I1 QAllied Ships
. H' F: t# f. t HAP Cape Bon, Torpedo hits 1, on fire" j0 \ y U& `$ c
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |